Faculty Opinions recommendation of Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor underlying responsiveness of non-small-cell lung cancer to gefitinib.

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Abstract
This is a great example of reverse translational research in which the molecular basis for responsiveness to Iressa among non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients was determined to be rare mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. Though Iressa is targeted to EGFR and was rationalized for NSCLC on the basis of frequent overexpression, few patients respond to the drug but those who respond do so dramatically. Nearly all responders have oncogenic and drug-sensitizing mutations in the activation loop of EGFR while nonresponders do not have these mutations. See also Paez et al. Science 2004, 304:1497-500 [PMID:15118125].

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