STUDIES ON CONDITIONS OF ACTIVITY IN ENDOCRINE ORGANS

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Abstract
[long dash]A method is described by which the smooth muscle in the nictitating membrane, sensitized by previous disconnection from the superior cervical ganglion, and by action of cocaine, can be used to record the presence of adrenin and sympathin in the circulating blood. The membrane can be used as a quantitative indicator. "Dial" as an anesthetic does not interfere with the action of adrenin and sympathin on the nictitating membrane. Sympathin is produced when occasionally contracted smooth muscle (e.g., of the hairs), and also when tonically contracted smooth muscle (e.g., of the blood vessels), are stimulated by sympathetic impulses. The amount of sympathin produced on stimulation of smooth muscle, when circumstances are comparable, depends on the size of the area stimulated. Sympathin and adrenin liberated into the circulation at the same time act cooperatively. The liver discharges into the circulating blood a substance which acts like sympathin, the only apparent difference being quantitative. While this substance is similar to the hepatic cardio-accelerator agent described by Cannon and Uridil, the identity of the hepatic substance with sympathin is not yet proved.

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