Sex-reversal in a pigeon (Columba livia)

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Abstract
Although a very large numbers of cases of sex-reversal in birds have been described during the last few years, very little is known as to the exact origin and development of the spermatic tissue. This deficiency is due to the fact that it is rare to find the early stages of the process in a gonad which also shows more definite and advanced stages. The present instance is of unique interest on account of containing all stages in the process of development of spermatic tubules in the ovary. It is also of special interest in showing the various prophase stages nature beyond dispute. Previously spermatogenesis has only been observed in a very few sex-reversed birds (Crew (2), Zawadowsky and Zubina (9), etc.). Natural, as distinct from experimental, sex-reversal in birds almost invariably accompanies a pathological condition of the ovaries, such as ovarian neoplasm or tubercle. No disease, however, is apparent in the present instance, which appeared healthy in every way. Furthermore there appears to be only one previous case of sex-reversal in a pigeon on record (Riddle (7)), and in that instance the gonads were not available for description. Our thanks are due to Prof. J. P. Hill, F. R. S., to Dr. J. A. Murray, F. R. S., to Prof. R. Ruggles Gates, and to Dr. A. S. Parkes, for their advice and criticism, and to the Government Grant Committee of the Royal Society for defraying the expenses.

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