Atomic force microscopy of layered compounds

Abstract
Physical properties of lamellar solid surfaces have been investigated by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) with nanometer resolution. The effects of contact forces from 10−7 N to 10−5 N have been studied. The role of frictional forces was noted. Surface modifications caused by a probe exerting up to 10−5 N on muscovite and selenite samples were observed. The materials included in this study were muscovite, selenite, graphite, and molybdenite; a unique set, offering a wide range of material properties. These lamellar materials were chosen to explore the applicability of the AFM technique for investigations of surface forces.

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