Maternal attitudes about family life and child rearing as avowed by mothers and perceived by their underachieving and high-achieving sons.

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Abstract
BRIGHT TEEN-AGE BOYS ENROLLED IN SPECIAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS FOR ACADEMIC UNDERACHIEVERS AND HIGH ACHIEVERS WERE ADMINISTERED THE PARENTAL ATTITUDE RESEARCH INSTRUMENT (PARI) WITH INSTRUCTIONS TO COMPLETE THE INVENTORY THE WAY THEIR MOTHERS WOULD RESPOND. THE PARI WAS ALSO ADMINISTERED TO THE MOTHERS. THE 2 GROUPS OF BOYS DID NOT DIFFER IN PERCEPTIONS OF MATERNAL HOSTILITY, BUT THE UNDERACHIEVERS PERCEIVED THEIR MOTHERS AS SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER ON MATERNAL CONTROL. THERE WERE NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MATERNAL ATTITUDES AVOWED BY THE 2 GROUPS OF MOTHERS, ALTHOUGH THERE WAS A TREND SUGGESTIVE OF MORE CONTROL AVOWED BY MOTHERS OF THE HIGH-ACHIEVING BOYS. MUCH GREATER DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MOTHERS' AVOWAL AND SONS' PERCEPTIONS WERE FOUND IN THE UNDERACHIEVING GROUP, WITH THE MOST PRONOUNCED DISCREPANCIES BEING EVIDENCED ON MEASURES OF MATERNAL CONTROL. WHEREAS MOTHERS' AND SONS' SCORES CORRELATED SIGNIFICANTLY FOR THE CONTROL FACTOR IN THE GROUP OF HIGH ACHIEVERS, THERE WERE NO SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ATTITUDES ASCRIBED TO THEIR MOTHERS AND ACTUAL ATTITUDES AVOWED BY MOTHERS OF THE UNDERACHIEVERS. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

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