NONVISUAL FUNCTIONING OF OCCIPITAL CORTEX IN THE MONKEY

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Abstract
Nonvisual tests were used, including simple discriminations, tests of generalization and transfer, and tests of ability to respond differentially according to context. A stylus maze was included, and observations were made with a snooperscope. Partial striate cortex lesions were produced in 3 monkeys, and almost all striate cortex was removed in 2 more monkeys. There was no apparent effect on the nonvisual behavior of any of the monkeys, but in order to obtain further proof, 5 naive rhesus monkeys and 1 sophisticated monkey were tested in a locomotor replica of Lashley''s maze 3. After learning to traverse the maze the monkeys were peripherally blinded. Although affected by lack of vision they reached the pre-established level of accuracy. After a 2-week rest interval retention for the habit was determined, after which large occipital lesions were produced, involving nearly all striate cortex and a considerable amount of peristriate cortex. In tests made 2 weeks after the operation, unilateral lesions seemed to have no effect on the maze habit, but bilateral lesions had an adverse effect. Results obtained with monkeys are compared with those reported for rats.