Nonlinear interactions in optical amplifiers for multifrequency lightwave systems

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Abstract
Nonlinear interactions that occur in an optical amplifier between the carrier density and multiple optical signals, are described using a small-signal analysis. In multifrequency lightwave systems with channel separations less than 1 GHz, the ratio of the signal power to the total intermodulation interference may be less than 25 dB, for total output intensities 10dB below the amplifier saturation intensity.