Amnesic effects in short-term memory.

Abstract
Produced the von Restorff effect in a free recall experiment with 68 undergraduates by the interpolation of a photograph of nude human beings at Serial Position 8 in a 15-item list consisting of line drawings of familiar objects. This effect was accompanied by a retrograde amnesia at the 2 serial positions immediately preceding the interpolated item. A substantial anterograde amnesia resulted from the nude photograph, affecting the 6 following positions. A 2nd study presented 4 classes of 108-161 undergraduates with a recognition task. Lists of 30 photographs from popular magazines were shown at .75-sec or 1.50-sec rates, and recognition memory for 12 of the positions was probed by presenting 12 old and 12 new pictures on a "test" trial. Photographs of nudes were interpolated at Serial Position 15. A profound anterograde amnesia resulted, with the effect being greater for the .75-sec rate. No retrograde amnesia resulted. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)