Measurement of electrical bio-impedance and its applications

Abstract
This paper describes: 1) the measurement method of electrical bio-impedance; 2) presentations of models of bio-impedance and their applications to some impedance analyses; 3) the analyses of steady state and dynamical state of electrical properties of the skin; and 4) the applications of bio-impedance. The applications include: 1) the influence of skin impedance to biological potential measurement; 2) skin moisturization measurement using skin admittance; and 3) gait analysis using lower leg electrical impedance.

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