Classically conditioned tongue-licking and operant bar pressing recorded simultaneously in the rat.

Abstract
Thirsty rats, trained to press a bar for water injected directly into the mouth through a chronic fistula which also recorded tongue licks, were given discrimination training. After they had learned to press only occasionally in the presence of the negative cue, study of the relationship between conditioned licking and bar pressing in separated bursts of responding uncomplicated by licking to the water revealed a high correlation some licks occurred without presses and a very few presses occurred without licks. Average number of licks showed a peak immediately after the bar press, at the moment water would be delivered during the positive stimulus, and fell off with negative acceleration for several seconds before and after this time.

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