LE TOURTEAU DE COLZA DANS L'ALIMENTATION ANIMALE. UTILISATION COMPARÉE DES TOURTEAUX DE COLZA TOASTÉ, DE COLZA FERMENTÉ, DE SOJA ET D'ARACHIDE POUR L'ENGRAISSEMENT DES JEUNES TAUREAUX

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Abstract
Growth, carcass composition and thyroid function of 64 fattening young bulls receiving either toasted rapeseed, fermented rapeseed, soybean and peanut offered together with maize grain to supplement a basal diet composed of wheat silage and dried beet pulps were studied. The proportions of maize and oil meal were calculated to provide identical amounts of total crude protein and energy. The live weight gains obtained with toasted rapeseed oil meal (1199 .+-. 131 g/day) were lower than those obtained with peanut oil meal (1266 .+-. 131 g/day) or soybean oil meal (1301 .+-. 242), but the feed conversion ratio was almost the same [5.47 UF(fumere units)/kg weight gain vs. 5.42 and 5.37, respectively, for peanut and soybean oil meal]. The intake of toasted rapeseed oil meal led to a significant increase (P < 0.001) in the weight of the thyroid glands (74.1 g vs. 32.4 and 36.9 g, respectively, for the animals fed with soybean or peanut oil meal), but did not modify the proportions of lean and fat in the carcasses. Fermented rapeseed oil meal did not decrease the intake of dry matter in the rest of the diet. The animals fed this oil meal exhibited a higher intake level than those receiving the soybean and peanut diets, and had a similar feed efficiency. Fermentation did not entirely eliminate the goitrogenic substances. Compared to the soybean diet, these substances significantly increased (P < 0.05) the weight of the thyroid glands (56.8 vs. 32.4).

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