Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in Mice

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Abstract
SINCE THE demonstration by Isbell et al1 that the alcohol withdrawal syndrome can be induced in man under controlled laboratory conditions, progress in research of ethanol addiction has been slowed by lack of a suitable animal model. Richter2 has never observed overt alcohol intoxication or withdrawal symptoms in laboratory rats. He found intoxication in only 3 of 30 wild Norway rats drinking aqueous ethanol solutions as the only liquid. Recently, convulsions and "hallucinatory behavior" were induced in five dogs following withdrawal of alcohol administered through surgicallyimplanted gastric cannulae.3 The evaluation of this animal model is difficult because the dogs developed gastrointestinal ulcerations and possible hypoglycemia, due to absent or markedly diminished food intake during the withdrawal period. The following two reasons were considered to account for the inability to induce alcohol withdrawal reactions in laboratory rodents by the forced drinking of aqueous ethanol solutions: (1) The

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