Theory of large anglep-nucleus scattering. I.pdelastic scattering and deuteron form factor at largeq2

We derive a new approach to the proton-nucleus large angle scattering which accounts in a systematic way for Pauli, binding, and Fermi motion effects. We concentrate here on $\mathrm{pd}$ scattering. After antisymmetrization of incident and target protons, the $\mathrm{pd}$ amplitude can be separated into (1) the standard multiple scattering series with the last $\mathrm{pp}$ amplitude antisymmetrized and (2) a neutron exchange amplitude which includes rescattering terms. The optimal approximation designed to minimize corrections is derived for the antisymmetrized $\mathrm{pd}$ amplitude. The single scattering amplitude is factorized into an on-shell (antisymmetrized) $\mathrm{pN}$ amplitude and the deuteron form factor, and it is found to play a main role in the large angle $\mathrm{pd}$ scattering at sufficiently high energy. The results are applied to analysis of $\mathrm{pd}$ elastic scattering data ($T_p\gtrsim 300$ MeV) which are well reproduced by the calculations. This analysis also permits an extraction of the deuteron body form factor for values of $q^2$ which far exceed those measured in $\mathrm{ed}$ elastic data.