Central and peripheral control mechanisms of shivering and its effects on respiration

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Abstract
Central and peripheral contributions to the initiation of shivering have been studied in anesthetized dogs employing a thermal dissociation technique. Shivering was elicited invariably during differential cooling of the head or the trunk alone as well as in the course of whole-body cooling. Either ‘peripheral’ or ‘central shivering’ could be produced repeatedly and also inhibited by elevation of subcutaneous temperature in central shivering or brain temperature in peripheral shivering. In part 2 of this study, respiratory effects of shivering have been assessed during the steady state of hypothermia in the anesthetized animal. During shivering, O2 intake and CO2 output were doubled or tripled but the respiratory exchange ratio remained essentially unchanged. Total ventilation increased linearly with metabolic rate and yet arterial pH, pCO2 and buffer base revealed no significant changes with or without shivering. Although alveolar ventilation was increased almost three times, no marked alterations occurred in physiological dead space. Moderate hemoconcentration and a consistent elevation of pulse pressure were seen during shivering. Submitted on October 11, 1959

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