Dynamics of Insecticide and Drug Effects on the Mechanism of Water Conservation of House Flies and Their Interactions Affecting Weight Loss, Water Balance, Intoxication, and Recovery of Insects1

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Abstract
The dynamics of toxic effects of monocrotophos, Isolan® (1-isopropyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolyl dimethylcarbamate), and sodium pentobarbital on the water conservation and weight loss of female house flies,Musca domeslica L., were studied during their intoxication and recovery. Generally, the rate of weight loss was high soon after injection or topical application. In some cases, weight loss was detected before any visible symptoms of excitation. Apparently, the mechanism of water conservation could be impaired by toxicants long before visible intoxication. For flies treated with Isolan or sodium pentobarbital, the rate of weight loss rapidly decreased as the flies recovered from the toxic effects, Finally, the rates of weight loss diminished to about the same as untreated checks. It appears that the mechanism of water conservation was disrupted by the toxic effect but was restored gradually as soon as the flies recovered from intoxication. However, the rate of weight loss of monocrotophos-treated flies remained at high levels. Within a 15-minnte period after death, water content of starved flies was 65.0±0.6% SE, whereas that of living flies was 67.2±0.54%. Difference in water content between living and dead flies was about 2%.

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