THE RELATIONSHIP OF EXERCISE TO ANOVULATORY CYCLES IN FEMALE ATHLETES - HORMONAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

  • 1 January 1984
    • journal article
    • research article
    • Vol. 63  (4) , 452-456
Abstract
The mechanisms by which physical activity affects the menstrual cycle were examined. Women with high, medium, and low levels of physical activity were compared for menstrual function, physical characteristics, and urinary and serum levels of luteinizing hormone, FSH, prolactin, estradiol-17.beta., and 2-hydroxyestrone. None of the physical characteristics other than age and muscle area were significantly different in the 3 groups. The percentage of body fat did not appear to be a factor in the amenorrhea induced by strenuous exercise, as the percent of body fat in all 3 groups was < 22%. The group of athletes under strenuous exercise which correlated with oligomenorrhea had decreased serum levels of luteinizing hormone, prolactin, and estradiol-17.beta. but elevated levels of 2-hydroxyestrone. Anovulatory cycles apparently are correlated with the amount of exercise and increased levels of catechol estrogens. Catecholamines and .beta.-endorphin elevated by exercise may interact to suppress luteinizing hormone release at the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.

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