Quantification of signal selection efficiency, extra volume suppression and contamination for ISIS, STEAM and PRESS localized1H NMR spectroscopy using an EEC localization test object

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Abstract
The three most widely used single-volume NMR localization techniques (ISIS, STEAM and PRESS) are assessed quantitatively for 1H spectroscopy using an EEC localization test object. Signal selection efficiency, suppression of outer volume signals and contamination are measured on a 1.5 T whole-body Siemens GBS1 system. The ISIS signal selection efficiency (volume of interest (VOI), 1-125 cm3) ranged from 90% to 95%, with T1 relaxation during the sequence shown to account for the observed 5-10% signal loss. Contamination for ISIS was found to be higher for smaller VOIS and ranged from approximately 45% (VOI = 1 cm3) to approximately 9% (VOI = 125 cm3). For PRESS, contamination ranged from 7% to 12% and it was between 3% and 8% for STEAM. However, the maximum signal selection efficiency for the latter two techniques (echo time, 270 ms) was relatively low (10-17%), and limited by T2 losses and the non-rectangular slice profiles of sinc pulses.