PATHOLOGIC FINDINGS IN ADENOSINE-DEAMINASE-DEFICIENT SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY .1. KIDNEY, ADRENAL, AND CHONDRO-OSSEOUS TISSUE ALTERATIONS

  • 1 January 1985
    • journal article
    • research article
    • Vol. 120  (1) , 157-169
Abstract
The autopsies of 8 patients with adenosine-deaminase-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency disease (ADA-SCID) are reviewed. Several new findings in nonlymphoid organs, including kidney and adrenal gland and chondro-osseous tissue indicate the multisystem nature of this disorder. Examination of renal tissue in 7 of 8 cases showed mesangial sclerosis. This was confirmed in 3 cases by EM. One case, treated with multiple erythrocyte partial exchange transfusions for several years, had no mesangial sclerosis. Six of 8 cases showed adrenal-gland cortical sclerosis. Chondro-osseous tissue from vertebrae and costochondral junctions of 4 cases examined showed typical alterations previously reported in ADA--SCID such as short growth plates with few proliferating and some hypertrophic chondrocytes. New observations of necrotic chrondrocytes, as well as large amounts of cellular debris are reported. These changes were not observed in the 2 other patients examined, who received bone marrow or multiple partial exchange transfusions. The distribution and severity of these lesions, their relationship to ADA replacment therapy, and their homology to mice treated with a potent ADA inhibitor suggests that, in addition to lymphoid dysfunction, disordered nucleoside metabolism due to absent ADA activity in ADA--SCID may be the cause of diverse multi-system pathologic changes in tissues which continue to differentiate or mature after birth.