Timing of penicillin treatment influences the course of Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced middle ear inflammation

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Abstract
Penicillin treatment timing, using the chinchilla pneumococcal otitis media model, was investigated. Early treatment (when approximately 10(3) pneumococcal CFU/ml was present in middle ear fluid) significantly accelerated inflammatory-cell influx, whereas late treatment (with approximately 10(7) pneumococcal CFU/ml present in middle ear fluid) did not. Therefore, antiinflammatory interventions will be needed early in the course of inflammation.