The virulence of salmonella strains for chickens: their excretion by infected chickens

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Abstract
Inoculated orally, 16 Salmonella typhimurium strains belonging to 12 phage types varied greatly in their abilityto kill 1-day-old chickens; variation was noted even between strains of the same phage type. Fourteen strains belonging to 11 food poisoning serotypes other than S. typhimurium were practically non-lethal whenexamined in this manner. All of them were lethal by the intramuscular route but some were more so than others. Twowere more lethal by this route than one of the S. typhimurium strains that was highly lethal when given orally.With age, chickens rapidly became resistant to fatal infection with the food poisoning strains; given orally, a S.typhimurium strain killed 79 % of 1-day-old chickens but only 3 % of 2-day-old chickens. Of 2 specific poultrypathogenic strains, one, of S. gallinarum, was lethal by oral inoculation to chickens of all ages but the other, of S. pullorum, was only lethal to very young ones.Some salmonella strains, such as those of S. infantis and S. menston, were more efficient at infecting and colonizing the alimentary tract of chickens than were the more virulent S. typhimurium strains, the S. gallinarum and S. pullorum strains and a S. cholerae-suis strain.