An "open" group of male alcoholics has met on a continuing basis with the same therapist over a period of 11 years, the size varying between 4 and 7 patients. Although the members were able to remain abstinent for substantial periods of time, they still experienced the same tensions which had originally provoked drinking episodes. Marked difficulties in their functioning and in their interpersonal relationships, which had been evident in their developmental history, continued and reinforced original patterns of social isolation. The increasing concern of the patients with this problem in conjunction with a more directive approach by the therapist motivated a more realistic confrontation of the problems. In this the patients were sustained by the supportive mechanism of group therapy which made it possible for them to develop a greater capacity for self-examination. As interpersonal problems were resolved tensions decreased, the general functioning of the members improved, and they demonstrated a better ability to relate to people and to the community. A gradual transformation occurred in their pattern of social living. They found acceptance and support in community contacts. Alcoholism and alcohol, including abstinence as well as membership in Alcoholics Anonymous, assumed a secondary role in their living, though they continued to abstain from drinking. The change was in large measure related to emotional maturation and a new capacity to compromise the ideal self with the reality of individual limitations. This compromise was made acceptable by the development of new satisfactions and an increasing ability of each patient to achieve his own potential. The long duration of the group, with an 8-year membership in one case, raised the question of dependence on therapy. It was concluded however, that the patients had utilized treatment constructively to achieve more effective functioning, improved ability to resolve their affective problems, and better integration in community life.