Penetration, Translocation, and Metabolism of Acifluorfen in Soybean (Glycine max), Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), and Common Cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum)

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Abstract
Penetration, translocation, and metabolism of acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Ransom’], common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), and common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.) were studied. Using liquid scintillation spectrometry and autoradiography, little movement of 14C-acifluorfen from the leaf surfaces of the two weed species could be detected in 24 h. After 48 h, less 14C was recovered from the leaf surface and more was found within the leaves of the two weed species. Autoradiographs of the weed showed limited acropetal movement of 14C from leaves 24 and 48 h after treatment. For soybean, most of the 14C still remained on the leaf surface after 48 h. Autoradiographs of soybean plants showed no movement from the treated leaflet. Studies using thin layer chromatography suggested that acifluorfen was metabolized within the plants. Rate of metabolism was inversely related to plant susceptibility (common ragweed and common cocklebur>soybean). The more rapid penetration and translocation, coupled with slower metabolism of acifluorfen by the weed species in comparison to soybean, may account for the difference in susceptibility of the weeds and soybean to acifluorfen.