Effect of Bile Duct Ligation on Bile Acid and Cholesterol Metabolism in Rats

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Abstract
The effects of bile duct ligation on bile acid and cholesterol metabolism were examined in male Wistar strain rats. Quantitative and qualitative changes of bile acids and cholesterol in serum and urine occurred; β-muricholic acid predominantly increased in serum and urine and the ratio of urinary cholic acid and β-muricholic acid changed from about 5 : 3 on day 1 to about 1 : 8 on day 5 under biliary obstruction. The form of the increased urinary bile acids was mainly taurine-conjugated and partly sulfated. Under conditions of bile duct ligation on day 5, 14C-labeled 3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoic, lithocholic, and chenodeoxycholic acids were intragastrically administered to the rats after pretreatment with antibiotics and the metabolites of these three acids were investigated. 3β-Hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid was most efficiently converted to β-muricholic acid. The present study strongly suggested the presence of an alternative metabolic pathway induced by bile duct ligation, which caused the change in composition of urinary bile acids, and especially the marked increase in β-muricholic acid formation. A possible alternative pathway for bile acid biosynthesis under biliary obstruction in rats is postulated.