Abstract
Manganese and iron oxide are well known additives to PbTiO3 ceramics providing “hard” piezoelectric materials suitable for resonator applications. Additives of trivalent metal ions (e.g. Al 3+, Ga 3+) are regarded as acceptor type dopes, which enter B-sites of the perovskite structure of PbTiO3. It is commonly assumed that the charge deficit of trivalent ions on B-sites is compensated by oxygen vacancies, which reduce the mobility of ferroelectric domain walls.

This publication has 0 references indexed in Scilit: