The infant larynx is of general medical interest because, owing to the peculiarities of its structure, the larynx becomes an important etiologic factor in respiratory and throat diseases much more frequently in infants than in adults. To the otolaryngologist and the bronchoscopist the infant larynx is of special interest because its diseases and abnormalities can be determined only by direct examination. The special training and experience of the otolaryngologist make him the logical choice as consultant for direct examination in laryngeal disease. Direct examination is easily made if proper attention is given to the detail of technic and instrumentarium. The infant to be examined usually shows evidence of dyspnea. The direct examination will temporarily increase the dyspnea, but with the proper assistants and equipment all emergencies can be met successfully and the laryngeal condition can be correctly diagnosed and treated. The difficulties in direct examination are more apparent than real,