Studies on the Mechanism of Goitrogenic Action of Diphenylthiohydantoin

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Abstract
Diphenylthiohydantoin (DPTH) is a potent goitrogenic compound and produces goiters in rats. Like methimazole, DPTH depressed plasma T4 [thyroxine] and T3 [triiodothyronine] concentrations and elevated plasma TSH [thyroptropin] concentration. Unlike methimazole DPTH did not suppress thyroidal radioiodine uptake and thyroid hormone synthesis, although the monoiodotyrosine to diiodotyrosine ratio was elevated by DPTH. DPTH did not inhibit thyroidal radioiodine release or augment the degradation of thyroid hormone. DPTH depressed an increase of plasma T4 and T3 in thyroidectomized rats maintained on T4 or T3 by augmenting fecal excretion of hormones. DPTH decreased conversion of T4 to T3 in vitro. Apparently, DPTH is a unique goitrogen which acts at 2 different extrathyroidal sites, i.e., fecal loss of thyroid hormone and conversion of T4 to T3.

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