Comparative Hosts

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Abstract
This paper explores ways of comparing industrial and developing nations that are and have been ‘hosts’ to multinationals. General problems in doing this included: defining multinational enterprise; acknowledging the formidable number of hosts; finding appropriate measures; clarifying the meaning of impacts; and recognising the ‘truncation problem’ (that of slicing into the fabric of the multinational firm). The activities of multinational enterprises are considered through time in individual host countries. Since corporate decision making is the point of departure, parameters of corporate choices (those related to opportunities, political conditions, familiarity, third-country considerations, and specific corporate style) are developed. Various rankings by countries are introduced to establish impact comparisons. The evidence shows that impacts differ by country and period. The paper demonstrates the historical importance of industrial countries as hosts and argues that students of economic growth and development should pay attention to all aspects (not simply the direct investment ones) of multinational enterprise impact through time.

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