Comparison of methods to calculate cardiac output using the CO2 rebreathing method

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Abstract
A comparison was made of methods used to calculate cardiac output by the indirect (CO2) Fick procedure (equilibrium method). Alternative methods for calculation of arterialPCO2, mixed venousPCO2, and conversion of gas tension to content were tested. Cardiac output values determined with a “corrected” equilibriumPCO2, to approximate mixed venousPCO2, were observed to be closest to cardiac output values determined on similar populations by the dye dilution method. ArterialPCO2 was best estimated from the Bohr equation using a dead space in exercise from prediction equations in the literature applicable to the populations under study. CO2 dissociation curves used to derive the veno-arterial CO2 content difference, were shown to differ considerably. For the present, the curve by McHardy [25], as modified by Jones (personal communication), and similar to the standard Comroe curve [5], was chosen.