Single-shot t1-and t2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the heart with black blood: preliminary experience

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Abstract
Purpose: To implement and evaluate two robust methods for T1-and T2-weighted snapshot imaging of the heart with data acquisition within a single heart beat and suppression of blood signal. Methods: Both Tl-and T2-weighted diastolic images of the heart can be obtained with half Fourier single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE) and turbo fast low-angle shot (turboFLASH) sequences, respectively, in less than 350 ms. Signal from flowing blood in the ventricles and large vessels can be suppressed by a preceding inversion recovery preparing pulse pair (PRESTO). Fifteen volunteers and five patients have been evaluated quantitatively for signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and flow void and qualitatively for image quality, artifacts, and black-blood effect. Results: Both PRESTO-HASTE and PRESTO-turboFLASH achieved consistently good image quality and blood signal suppression. In contrast to gradient-echo (GRE) echo-planar imaging techniques, (EPI) HASTE and turboFLASH are much less sensitive to local susceptibility differences in the thorax, resulting in a more robust imaging technique without the need for time-consuming system tuning. Compared to standard spin-echo sequences with cardiac triggering, HASTE and turboFLASH have significantly shorter image acquisition times and are not vulnerable to respiratory motion artifacts. Conclusion: PRESTO-HASTE and PRESTO-turboFLASH constitute suitable methods for fast and high-quality cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

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