An Outbreak of Infections Caused by Strains of Staphylococcus aureus Resistant to Methicillin and Aminoglycosides. I. Clinical Studies

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Abstract
In a 22-month period, strains of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin and multiple aminoglycosides (designated MARS) were recovered from 108 inpatients with nosocomial infections at a hospital in the midwestern United States. Sixty-six of these patients were staying in a burn unit, and 42 were on other hospital wards. Among the patients with burns, MARS were recovered from the burn wounds of 64%; 32% of the patients with burns had MARS bacteremia. The patients without burns were age-matched with patients with nosocomial infections caused by antibiotic- susceptible strains of S. aureus. Patients from whom MARS were isolated had a longer mean hospital stay (79.6 days vs. 36.9 days; P < 0.01), developed infection later (26.5 days vs. 13.5 days after admission; P < 0.01), and had received antibiotic therapy before infection more often (81% vs. 38% of patients; P < 0.01) than patients in the comparative population. Types of infection and incidences of death and bacteremia were similar in the two groups. Antibiotic-resistant strains of S. aureus may cause serious infections and significant mortality.