Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy in Portal Cirrhosis

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Abstract
A recent paper by Vogl and Goldfischer (1) outlines the development of our ideas of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. The occurrence of cyanosis and clubbing in a variety of diseases including those of the lung, heart, and liver has been recognized for centuries. However, the complete syndrome of pachydermoperiostosis has not been as clearly related to diseases in these various organs. The complete syndrome includes clubbing of the fingers and toes, cylindrical enlargement of legs and arms due to involvement of periosteal bone as well as of the skin, synovitis with joint effusion, and progressive coarsening of the face due to thickening

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