Abstract
A simple empirical theory, taking into account σ- and π-bonding and electrostatic effects, is applied to the dd spectra of tetragonal and trigonal bipyramidal chloro-complexes of copper(II). A total of eight bands observed in three compounds can be satisfactorily fitted to a single freely chosen parameter. The theory predicts the relative energies of the d-orbitals as dx2y2 > dxy > dz2 > dxz, yz for the tetragonal compounds and dz2 > dxy, x2y2 > dxz, yz in the trigonal bipyramidal case.

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