Vascularized nerve grafts for the treatment of large nerve gap after severe trauma to an upper extremity

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Abstract
We reviewed the clinical outcomes of vascularized nerve grafts for the repair of large nerve gaps (longer than 20 cm) after severe trauma to an upper extremity. Six patients who underwent vascularized sural nerve grafting (five to the median nerve and one to the ulnar nerve) with a monitoring skin flap were evaluated. The length of the vascularized sural nerve grafts ranged from 20 to 30 cm, with a mean length of 23.3 cm. All but one of the monitoring skin flap grafts was successful. In those patients for whom the monitoring skin flap graft was successful, the mean static-2PD at the corresponding fingertip was 14.2 mm (range 10–20 mm). Evaluation of these patients with the Semmes-Weinstein test produced the following results: filament 6, two patients; filament 10, three patients. The results of this study show that vascularized sural nerve grafting should be considered as a clinical alternative for nerve reconstruction in patients with nerve defects longer than 20 cm.