Characterization of Two Vaccinia CD36 Recombinant‐Virus‐Generated Monoclonal Antibodies (10/5, 13/10)

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Abstract
Extensive evidence is now available to show that the human CD36 antigen is a cellular receptor for thrombospondin, collagen, modified low‐density lipoproteins, and long‐chain fatty acids. Moreover, CD36 functions as one of the receptors that mediates the adhesion of Plasmodium‐fulciparum‐infected erythro‐cytes to microvascular endothelium. In an attempt to identify new functional sites of this surface glycoprotein, anti‐CD36 monoclonal antibodies were prepared using a vaccinia CD36 recombinant virus as a highly efficient immunization vector. In functional studies, one of these antibodies (clone 10/5) strongly inhibited the adhesion of P. filciparum‐infected erythrocytes to purified CD36. This antibody also potentiated ADP‐induced platelet activation. In contrast, a second antibody (clone 13/10) did not affect the cytoadherence of infected erythrocytes or platelet functions. Previous structural work performed on these antibodies has shown that clone 10/5 is directed against an epitope within the CD36 domain 155–183, whereas clone 13/10 interacts with another antigenic determinant defined by amino acids 30‐76 [Daviet, L., Buckland, R., Puente Navazo, M. D. & McGregor, J. L. (1995) Biochem. J. 305, 221‐2241, Taken together, these current studies show that: (a) the methodology of immunization using recombinant vaccinia virus is a powerful tool in the generation of monoclonal antibodies directed against polyimmunogenic membrane glycoproteins such as CD36; (b) the CD36 domain, recognized by clone 1015 but not by 13110, is functionnally important regarding the adhesion of P. falciparum‐infected erythrocyte and CD36‐dependent platelet activation.