Effects of suspension density on microbial metabolic processes

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Abstract
Respiration of yeastsSaccharomyces cerevisiae, Bhodotorula glutinis, Endomyces magnusii, andCandida utilis, and of bacteriaEscherichia coli andBacillus megaterium, anaerobic production of CO2 byS. cerevisiae, active transport of quinovose byR, glutinis and ofL-proline andL-leucine byS. cerevisiae were highly dependent on cell suspension density. Respiration ofS. cerevisiae in the presence of glucose decreased in a biphasic fashion from 140 to 40 nmol O2 per mg dry solid per min as suspension density increased from 0.01 to 2 mg/mL. Higher partial pressures of oxygen further enhanced the trend. The active transports were affected monophasically in the maximum rate of uptake which was as much as ten times greater at low than at high suspension densities. A component of the external medium is suspected to cause the decrease of metabolic functions at higher cell densities, acting as a noncompetitive inhibitor. The component was present and mutually active in suspensions of the various yeasts as wellas of bacteria. Its properties and results of model experiments suggest it to be dissolved carbon dioxide.

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