Placental Morphological and Biochemical Studies in Maternal Anaemia before and after treatment

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Abstract
In this study 20 control (Haemoglobin > 11.0g/dl and 21 anaemic (Haemogloben < 7.0g/dl) pregnant women were selected for evaluating the effects of maternal anaemia on fetus and placenta. Maternal anaemia was associated with reduced fetal weight, decreased feto-placental ratio, low placental and cord iron and haemoglobin levels. The anaemic placentas demonstrated increased shrinkage in formalin and histological changes i.e. decreased villous vascularity, increased villous fibrosis and endarteritis obliterans. The treatment with total dose of intravenous iron in the last trimester significantly improved fetal weight, reduced placental shrinkage, though the histological changes did not reverse. There was rise in the iron levels of maternal serum, placenta and cord serum after the iron therapy. Iron was transferred to the feuts as an active process maintaining cord serum levels at 1.5 to 2 times of the maternal serum iron.

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