Studies of Maturity in F* and F2Generations of Cauliflowers From Crosses Between Summer, Autumn and Winter Types

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Abstract
Crosses were made in all possible combinations, between winter cauliflower varieties Tinribs and Cambridge Dwarf April, summer cauliflower variety Cambridge 5 and autumn cauliflower variety Majestic. When sown at their normal times these types mature in December, March, June, and September respectively. Data on the maturity periods for parents and Fi and F2 progenies were obtained in the form of accumulated day-degrees. When all parents and progenies were sown at a date near to the normal sowing date for autumn and winter cauliflowers, the F, and F2 generations showed a continuous range in maturity periods between those of the parents and, although the F2 range was generally greater than that of its corresponding Fi, it did not exceed the parental extremes. When the sowing date was near that for summer cauliflowers, the Fi and F2 progenies of crosses which had Cambridge 5 as one parent matured almost as early as Cambridge 5, and the range of maturity was greatly restricted. The annual habit of the summer and autumn types was considered to be partially dominant to the biennial habit of the winter types, and time of maturity was considered to be under polygenic control. Possible improvement of the autumn cauliflower type by making crosses between summer and winter cauliflowers is discussed.

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