Basic elimination of HCl from chlorinated ethanes

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Abstract
Chloroethanes react with aqueous caustic to yield either elimination or substitution products. The reaction rates were measured for the dichloroethanes, trichloroethanes, tetrachloroethanes, and pentachloroethane between 283 and 353°K. The constants of HCl eleminations referring to the rate equation are given by all rate constants being in 1./mole·s and R in cal/mole· deg.With ethyl chloride, 1,1‐dichloroethane, and 1,1,l‐trichloroethane, the elimination is not observed and a slow substitution takes place. The influence of chlorine substituents on both sides of the molecule on mechanism and rate parameters is discussed.