Respiration-dependent proton translocation in Nitrosomonas europaea and its apparent absence in Nitrobacter agilis during inorganic oxidations

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Abstract
Oxygen pulse experiments were carried out with the nitrifying bacteria Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrobacter agilis and with spheroplasts and everted vesicles prepared from Nitrobacter agilis. In addition to thiocyanate, the salting-in anions perchlorate and trichloroacetate proved to be permeant and effective in allowing respiration-dependent proton translocation with Nitrosomonas europaea. Valinomycin-K+, however, was generally ineffective in this respect with Nitrosomonas europaea. The observed leads to H+/O ratio for ammonium ion oxidation by Nitrosomonas europaea was 3.4; that for hydroxylamine and hydrazine cation oxidation was 4.4. These values, when corrected for production of stoichiometric protons and for the fact that the first step in ammonium ion oxidation (hydroxylamine production) is mediated by a monooxygenase, give effective leads to H+/O ratios of about 4 for these three substrates. This value compares favorably with those obtained with other aerobes. No convincing evidence was obtained for operation of a respiratory proton pump in Nitrobacter agilis during nitrite oxidation. Implications of this unexpected result are discussed.