Catch-up growth in childhood and death from coronary heart disease: longitudinal study

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Abstract
Objective: To examine whether catch-up growth during childhood modifies the increased risk of death from coronary heart disease that is associated with reduced intrauterine growth. Design: Follow up study of men whose body size at birth was recorded and who had an average of 10 measurements taken of their height and weight through childhood. Setting: Helsinki, Finland. Subjects: 3641 men who were born in Helsinki University Central Hospital during 1924-33 and who went to school in Helsinki. Main outcome measures: Hazard ratios for death from coronary heart disease. Results: Death from coronary heart disease was associated with low birth weight and, more strongly, with a low ponderal index at birth. Men who died from coronary heart disease had an above average body mass index at all ages from 7 to 15 years. In a simultaneous regression the hazard ratio for death from the disease increased by 14% (95% confidence interval 8% to 19%; PConclusion: The highest death rates from coronary heart disease occurred in boys who were thin at birth but whose weight caught up so that they had an average or above average body mass from the age of 7 years. Death from coronary heart disease may be a consequence of poor prenatal nutrition followed by improved postnatal nutrition.