HABITUAL DISLOCATION OF THE SHOULDER

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Abstract
Habitual dislocation of the shoulder occurs rarely, and its occurrence following ordinary traumatic luxation is not known. In 1921 and again in 1926 I1reported cases in which operation had been performed at the Mayo Clinic; a total of thirty patients were operated on. The present report includes further observations on the patients of this series, and on seven additional patients on whom operations have been performed since 1926. ETIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY The one definite etiologic factor in the thirty-seven cases was that of primary traumatic dislocation; most of the patients attributed the dislocation to severe trauma, fall or violence. French observers insist that congenital malformation of the humeral head can generally be found, but I have not been able to substantiate this observation, and such experience has not been common in this country. General examination occasionally disclosed slight atrophy of the deltoid muscle and roentgenologic examination disclosed slight

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