In situ observations

Abstract
In situ observations are defined as those made at the point where the instrument is located. Since a large variety of techniques have been used for in situ measurements, the general features, capabilities and problems of these techniques are reviewed. To illustrate capabilities and problems more specifically, examples of recent measurements are presented which have a bearing on the chlorofluoromethane-ozone problem. These include: (1) resonance fluorescence for the measurement of Cl and ClO, (2) grab and cryogenic collection of whole air samples for the measurement of CFCl$_{3}$ and CF$_{2}$Cl$_{2}$ (as well as CH$_{4}$, H$_{2}$, CO and N$_{2}$O), (3) impregnated filters for acid chloride, and (4) matrix isolation for HO$_{2}$ and NO$_{2}$.

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