Case-control study of hyperpyrexia in children

Abstract
To test the association of hyperpyrexia (temperature .+-. 41.1.degree.C) with increased rates of bacteremia and serious bacterial illness in young children, were performed a retrospective case-control study. Seventy-six hyperpyrexia children and an equal number of control cases with temperature of 39.1-40.degree.C and 40.1-41.0.degree.C were identified. A significantly larger number of diagnostic procedures including blood cultures, urine cultures, chest x-rays and white blood cell counts were performed in the hyperpyrexic children ( < 0.05). The frequency of serious bacterial infections and bacteremia did not differ among the groups (P > 0.05). Hyperpyrexic children need to be evaluated as thoroughly and carefully as any other febrile child but do not merit special consideration.

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