Cl(-)-selective microelectrodes: sensitivity to anionic Cl- transport inhibitors

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Abstract
Cl(-)-selective microelectrodes, containing Corning code 477315 or 477913 liquid ion exchangers, are often used to measure extra- and intracellular Cl- activities in the presence of Cl- transport inhibitors such as furosemide, bumetanide, and the stilbene sulfonic acid derivative 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (SITS). Because these inhibitors are anions in the physiological pH range and have relatively high lipid solubilities, they would be expected to interfere with the response to Cl- of these microelectrodes. Preliminary reports have confirmed this expectation. We examined the effect of furosemide, bumetanide, and SITS on the Cl(-)-selective barrels of double-barreled microelectrodes containing Corning code 477315 liquid anion exchanger and suitable for impaling small cells (e.g., epithelial cells). The results showed that at pH 8.2 in pure solutions of furosemide and bumetanide, these microelectrodes gave linear responses to the logarithm of furosemide or bumetanide concentrations ranging from 1 X 10(-2) to 1 X 10(-4) M. In the physiological pH range both these inhibitors (in concentrations of 0.1 mM) interfered significantly with the response of the microelectrodes to Cl- (in concentrations ranging from 100 to 1 mM). Calculated electrode sensitivities, relative to Cl-, were approximately 150 for both these compounds. Microelectrodes of this type appeared to be approximately 1,000 times as sensitive toward SITS as they were toward Cl-.