Reality Orientation for the Institutionalized Aged: Does it Help?

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Abstract
Reality Orientation (RO) was designed to reduce confusion and promote autonomy and happiness among institutionalized elderly persons. Serious methodological problems invalidate the results of most RO research. The few adequate studies available suggest that RO does sometimes help reduce confusion, but does not seem to increase autonomy or happiness among the elderly. More research is needed to define the population for whom RO is most appropriate, determine the effectiveness of different forms of RO, and explore possible alternative ways of reducing confusion while increasing life satisfaction among the institutionalized aged.

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