Memory Function in Hippocampal Gyri But Not in Hippocampi

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Abstract
Utilizing clearly specified and illustrated definitions of ‘hippocampus’, ‘hippocampal gyrus’ and ‘hippocampal complex’, and avoiding use of the ambiguous adjective ‘hippocampal’ by itself, arguments are presented towards proving that the memorizing deficit which follows bilateral damage of the hippocampal complex is attributable only to bilateral damage of the lateral entorhinal portion of the hippocampal gyrus, and that bilateral lesions of the hippocampus, fascia dentata and/or fimbria-fornix do not, in adults, produce such a memory-function deficit. The arguments are mustered under headings of the subsections of the hippocampal complex and cover the most relevant reports in the literature from neurosurgico-clinical sources, clinico-neuropathological disease cases, and animal experiments. Additional evidence is adduced from the author's own tests for new acquisition of complex memories in rats during chemical blocking of the mossy fiber system bilaterally, and from his studies of neurofibrillary pathology in Alzheimer-diseased brains.