Vaccine-Induced HIV Seropositivity/Reactivity in Noninfected HIV Vaccine Recipients

Abstract
With an estimated 7500 incident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections occurring each day worldwide, there is an urgent need to develop an effective prophylactic HIV vaccine.1 Over the last 20 years many potential vaccine candidates have been developed and assessed in human clinical trials in more than 30 000 participants. These candidate vaccines have used a variety of approaches, including protein-,2-5 DNA-,6,7 HIV peptide–,8-10 and viral-vectored strategies.11-15 In addition, a variety of HIV targets or inserts have been studied, including group-specific core antigen gene (gag), polymerase gene (pol), negative factor (nef), and envelope gene (env) in a variety of combinations.16 Several of these candidate vaccines have advanced to large field trials.3,4,17-19