The relationship between the kinesthetic spatial aftereffect and variations in muscular involvement during stimulation

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Abstract
Recent neurophysiological data have suggested that kinesthetic judgments of position do not involve the receptor elements of the muscles but only those of the joints. An hypothesis derived from this finding has been tested in four experiments in which the degree of muscular involvement was systematically varied during constant spatial stimulation to induce a kinesthetic spatial aftereffect. Two or three levels of muscular involvement were introduced during the stimulation phase and their potentials monitored and recorded electromyographically. The data show that the magnitude of the aftereffect remains constant with wide variation in muscular activity during stimulation.

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