Production and loss of multiply charged and molecular ions (Kr+, Kr2+, Kr3+, Kr4+, Kr2+) in a krypton hollow cathode discharge

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Abstract
The formation of the ions Kr+, Kr2+, Kr3+, Kr4+, and Kr2+ and their losses are studied in a low pressure krypton hollow cathode discharge. From the maintenance voltage as dependent on pressure, the electron impact ionization rate is calculated. The loss processes include single and double electron transfer to the high charge states and volume recombination for Kr+2. The following loss rate coefficients are obtained: Kr2+ (k−13 cm3s−1), Kr3+ [k= (1.9 ±0.7) ×10−11 cm3s−1], Kr4+ [k? (1±0.7) ×10−10 cm3s−1], Kr+2 [recombination coefficient α = (5.5±3.5) ×10−7 cm3s−1 for Te=1200 °K].