Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae): Development, Oviposition, and Longevity in Relation to Temperature1

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Abstract
Development of Bemisia tabaci Genn. was observed on seedling cotton plants in constant temperature cabinets. The duration of the egg stage varied from 22.5 days at 16.7°C to 5.0 days at 32.5°C, whereas eggs failed to hatch at a constant 36.0°C. The total development time from egg to adult varied from 65.1 days at 14.9°C to 16.6 days at 30.0°C. Development took longer, and there was evidence of aestivation at temperatures fluctuating between 27° and 43°C. Development rates were similar to those on other host plants recorded in the literature. Peak emergence of adults occurred between 6 and 9 a.m. The average number of eggs laid per female was 81 at 26.7°C and 72 at 32.2°C. Males lived an average of 7.6 and 11.7 days, and females lived an average of 8.0 and 10.4 days, at 26.7 and 32.2°C, respectively.